Capillaria philippinensis is a parasitic roundworm that causes capillariasis, a potentially severe intestinal infection primarily found in Southeast Asia, especially in the Philippines, Thailand, and Japan. Humans typically become infected by consuming raw or undercooked freshwater fish containing infective larvae. Once ingested, the larvae mature into adult worms in the intestines, where they begin to reproduce, releasing eggs that can hatch within the host, leading to an escalating worm burden.
Capillariasis caused by C. philippinensis primarily affects the digestive system, leading to symptoms such as severe diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. As the infection progresses, patients may experience malabsorption of nutrients, leading to rapid weight loss, muscle wasting, and electrolyte imbalances. If untreated, the infection can be life-threatening due to complications from malnutrition and electrolyte disturbances.
Treatment for capillariasis involves the use of antiparasitic medications, such as albendazole or mebendazole, which are effective at killing the adult worms. Supportive care to address dehydration and nutritional deficiencies may also be necessary, especially in severe cases. Preventive measures focus on avoiding the consumption of raw or undercooked freshwater fish, particularly in endemic regions. Proper food preparation and public awareness are essential for reducing the risk of infection and preventing outbreaks.
