Schistosoma is a genus of parasitic flatworms, or blood flukes, that cause schistosomiasis. The larvae of the parasite penetrate human skin when individuals come into contact with contaminated freshwater, often while swimming or bathing. Schistosomiasis can lead to chronic inflammation and damage to organs such as the liver, intestines, bladder, and kidneys. Symptoms include blood in the urine or stool, abdominal pain, and liver enlargement, with severe cases causing long-term complications like bladder cancer and infertility.
Treating Schistosoma infections with antiparasitic drugs, particularly praziquantel, is essential to eliminate the worms from the body and prevent severe organ damage. Early intervention significantly improves health outcomes and alleviates symptoms like pain and blood in the urine or stool. Controlling the spread of schistosomiasis involves improving water sanitation, preventing freshwater contamination, and educating at-risk communities about the dangers of contaminated water, leading to better public health and reduced transmission rates.
