Toxocara canis is a roundworm that primarily infects dogs, but humans can become accidental hosts through contact with contaminated soil or feces. The eggs of Toxocara canis are ingested and hatch into larvae that can migrate through various tissues in the human body, causing a condition known as toxocariasis. There are two main forms of this condition: visceral larva migrans (affecting organs like the liver, lungs, and heart) and ocular larva migrans (affecting the eyes). Symptoms can range from fever, fatigue, and abdominal pain in visceral larva migrans to vision loss and eye inflammation in ocular larva migrans.
Clearing Toxocara canis from the body typically requires antiparasitic medications such as albendazole or mebendazole, along with corticosteroids in severe cases to reduce inflammation. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent permanent damage, especially to the eyes. By eradicating this parasite, individuals can avoid complications like vision impairment and organ damage. Preventing infection involves proper handwashing, avoiding contact with animal feces, and maintaining good hygiene practices for pets, which can lead to significantly better public health outcomes in affected areas.
